Musings of the Sundarman

Enolates and Amines

1. Enolate anion is formed by treating acetaldehyde with__________.
Ans: base
2. Enolate anion is a hybrid having an electronegative ________atom.
Ans: oxygen
3. Enolate anions are synthetic reagents which react at ________bonds in the chemical reactions.
Ans: carbon
4. Write the name of this structure.
Ans: Enolate Anion
5. _________________is produce if any reaction with the enolate anion occurs at the carbonyl oxygen.
Ans: Vinyl ether
6. If any reaction with the enolate anion occurs at ___________it leads to alkylation.
Ans: α-carbon
7. The counterion reduces the collision with the_________________.
Ans: oxygen
8. If an enolate anion were to react at the________________, the product would contain a C = O π bond.
Ans: alpha carbon
9. Complete this equation
Ans: The product of two acetones is a β-hydroxyketone.
10. When catalyzed by base the Aldol reactions are_______________.
Ans: reversible
11. Formaldehyde does not produce an enolate anion because it has no_____________.
Ans: α-hydrogen
12. Draw the structure of Benzaldehyde.
Ans:
13. ______________ charge into the nitro group causes acidity of the α-hydrogen of a nitroalkane.
Ans: Negative
14. In the intramolecular aldole reactions smaller rings form faster than larger rings because the reacting
groups are___________ together.
Ans: closer
15. Isopentenyi pyrophosphate has the carbon skeleton of___________, the unit into which terpenes can be divided.
Ans: isoprene
16. Enamines are superior to enolate anions as they are ________basic and consequently give higher ratios of substitution to elimination products.
Ans: less
17. Enamines undergo ________when treated with acid chlorides and acid anhydrides.
Ans: acylation
18. The acetoacetic ester synthesis is useful for the preparation of monosubstituted_____________.
Ans: acetone
True and False
1.Enolate anions can act as nucleophiles in sulfonate reactions.
Ans: True.
2. The majority of positive charge of an enolate anion is on the carbonyl oxygen.
Ans: False. The majority of negative charge of an enolate anion is on the carbonyl oxygen.
3. Li+ is a counter ion always associated with the enolate anion.
Ans: True.
4. The counter ions are tightly bonded with the alpha carbon in the enolate anions
Ans: False. The counter ions are tightly bonded with the oxygen atom.
5. Enolates are larger aggregates containing several counterions associated with several enolate oxygen atoms.
Ans: True.
1. Enolate anion is formed by treating acetaldehyde with__________.
Ans: base
2. Enolate anion is a hybrid having an electronegative ________atom.
Ans: oxygen
3. Enolate anions are synthetic reagents which react at ________bonds in the chemical reactions.
Ans: carbon
4. Write the name of this structure.
Ans: Enolate Anion
5. _________________is produce if any reaction with the enolate anion occurs at the carbonyl oxygen.
Ans: Vinyl ether
6. If any reaction with the enolate anion occurs at ___________it leads to alkylation.
Ans: α-carbon
7. The counterion reduces the collision with the_________________.
Ans: oxygen
8. If an enolate anion were to react at the________________, the product would contain a C = O π bond.
Ans: alpha carbon
9. Complete this equation
Ans: The product of two acetones is a β-hydroxyketone.
10. When catalyzed by base the Aldol reactions are_______________.
Ans: reversible
11. Formaldehyde does not produce an enolate anion because it has no_____________.
Ans: α-hydrogen
12. Draw the structure of Benzaldehyde.
Ans:
13. ______________ charge into the nitro group causes acidity of the α-hydrogen of a nitroalkane.
Ans: Negative
14. In the intramolecular aldole reactions smaller rings form faster than larger rings because the reacting
groups are___________ together.
Ans: closer
15. Isopentenyi pyrophosphate has the carbon skeleton of___________, the unit into which terpenes can be divided.
Ans: isoprene
16. Enamines are superior to enolate anions as they are ________basic and consequently give higher ratios of substitution to elimination products.
Ans: less
17. Enamines undergo ________when treated with acid chlorides and acid anhydrides.
Ans: acylation
18. The acetoacetic ester synthesis is useful for the preparation of monosubstituted_____________.
Ans: acetone
True and False
1.Enolate anions can act as nucleophiles in sulfonate reactions.
Ans: True.
2. The majority of positive charge of an enolate anion is on the carbonyl oxygen.
Ans: False. The majority of negative charge of an enolate anion is on the carbonyl oxygen.
3. Li+ is a counter ion always associated with the enolate anion.
Ans: True.
4. The counter ions are tightly bonded with the alpha carbon in the enolate anions
Ans: False. The counter ions are tightly bonded with the oxygen atom.
5. Enolates are larger aggregates containing several counterions associated with several enolate oxygen atoms.
Ans: True.

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